آزمایش چربی خون

آزمایش چربی خون، شامل اندازه گیری کلسترول کل، کلسترول HDL (خوب)، کلسترول LDL (بد) و تریگلیسرید میشود. برای اندازه گیری دقیق چربیهای خون باید ۹ تا ۱۲ ساعت پیش از خون گرفتن چیزی به جز آب نخورید و ننوشید.
میزان چربی خون معمولا به میلیگرم کلسترول در دسیلیتردر خون اندازه گیری میشود.
علائم چربی خون بالا
در ابتدا برای مدت طولانی هیچ نشانه ای به همراه ندارد اما پس از مدتی، هنگام فعالیت جسمی در ناحیه قلب دردهایی بروز خواهد کرد. احساس سرگیجه، بروز درد در ناحیه پاها هنگام راه رفتن و کاهش توانایی مغزی از علائم دیگر افزایش چربی خون هستند.
میزانهای طبیعی و غیرطبیعی چربی خون
میزان کل کلسترول (میلیگرم در دسیلیتر) | میزان کل کلسترول ( میلیمول در لیتر) | |
زیر ۲۰۰ | زیر ۵.۲ | مطلوب |
۲۰۰ تا ۲۳۹ | ۵.۲ – ۶.۲ | حد مرزی بالا |
۲۴۰ و بالاتر | بالای ۶.۲ | بالا |
میزان کلسترول خون
از آنجایی که میزان کلسترول بد یا LDL بیشترین رابطه را با بروز بیماری قلبی دارد، هدف اصلی درمانهای پایینآورنده چربی خون، مربوط به کاهش همین نوع از چربی خون است. اما موضوع به سادگی نیست، و میزانی از LDL که در آن باید درمان را شروع کرد، بسته به عوامل خطرساز برای بیماری قلبی در شما فرق میکند.
در اغلب افراد هدف درمان کاهش میزان LDL به زیر ۱۳۰ میلیگرم در دسیلیتر است. اما اگر شما عوامل خطرساز برای بیماری قلبی داشته باشید، ممکن است هدف از درمان رساندن LDL به زیر ۱۰۰ میلی گرم در دسیلیتر است و در افراد در معرض خطر بسیار زیاد بیماری قلبی این میزان را باید به زیر ۷۰ میلیگرم در دسیلیتر رساند.
اگر سابقه حمله قلبی داشتهاید یا دیابت یا بیماری شریان کاروتید یا شریانهای محیطی دارید، شما در رده “بسیار پرخطر” قرار میگیرید که باید میزان LDL شما باید به زیر ۷۰ میلیگرم در دسیلیتر برسد.
همچنین اگر دو یا تعداد بیشتری از عوامل خطر ساز زیر را نیز داشته باشید، در گروه “بسیار پرخطر” قرار میگیرید.
عوامل موثر در افزایش چربی خون
سیگار کشیدن.
فشار خون بالا.
میزان پایین کلسترول خوب یا HDL.
سن بالاتر از ۴۵ در مردان و سن بالاتر از ۵۵ در زنان.
بالا بودن میزان لیپوپروتئین (a).
اگر کمتر از دو عامل خطر ساز بالا را دارید، بایدLDL را به زیر ۱۰۰ رساند.
منبع: همشهری آنلاین
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