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شیوه زندگی افراد، مواد غذایی که مصرف می‌کنند، میزان ورزش و تمرینی که انجام می‌دهند و روش مواجهه با استرس، نقش بسیار بزرگی در نجات از سکته قلبی دارد.
آنچه باید درباره علل ایجاد سکته قلبی و راه‌های پیشگیری از آن بدانید را در اینجا پیش روی شما قرار داده‌ایم.
حمله قلبی معمولاً وقتی اتفاق می‌افتد که یک لخته خون، در مسیر جریان خون عروق کرونری (که تغذیه‌کننده عضله قلبی است) قرار بگیرد و شریان را مسدود کند. حمله قلبی با نام «سکته عضله قلب» نیز شناخته شده و می‌تواند باعث مرگ شود.
علائم و نشانه‌های سکته قلبی
ـ احساس فشار و یک درد فشاری در مرکز قفسه سینه، که چند دقیقه هم طول می‌کشد.
ـ درد از قفسه سینه به ناحیه شانه، بازو، پشت، دندان و فک کشیده می‌شود.
ـ افزایش درد قفسه سینه
ـ گسترش درد به ناحیه فوقانی شکم
ـ کوتاه شدن و شمرده شدن تنفس
ـ عرق کردن
ـ از حال رفتن
ـ حالت تهوع و استفراغ
دلایل ایجاد حمله قلبی
وقتی یک یا تعداد بیشتری از شریان‌های تغذیه‌کننده قلب مسدود می‌شوند، خون حاوی اکسیژن به عضله قلب نمی‌رسد و حمله قلبی اتفاق می‌افتد. عروق کرونری به مرور زمان بر اثر انباشته شدن کلسترول، باریک می‌شوند. این انباشتگی کلسترول به عنوان پلاک در شریان‌ها شناخته می‌شود و رسوب کلسترول در شریان‌های سراسر بدن «آرترواسکلروزیس» نامیده می‌شود.
سکته قلبی آخرین مرحله از فرآیند گرفتگی عروق است که معمولاً چند ساعت طول می‌کشد. با گذشت هر دقیقه، بافت قلبی بیشتری بر اثر فقدان خون‌رسانی تخریب می‌شود.
در حمله قلبی، یکی از این پلاک‌ها جدا شده و یک لخته خون تشکیل می‌دهد؛ اگر این لخته به اندازه کافی بزرگ باشد، می‌تواند جریان خون را کاملاً مسدود کند. به شرایطی که در آن شریان‌های کرونری به دنبال آرترواسکلروزیس باریک می‌شوند، بیماری شریان کرونری می‌گویند که این بیماری، دلیل اصلی بیشتر حملات قلبی است.
منبع:سیب دارمان.عصرایران
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